Biceps muscle injuries encompass a spectrum from mild strains to complete tendon ruptures, affecting either the muscle belly or its tendinous attachments at the shoulder or elbow. The biceps brachii consists of two heads—the long head and short head—originating from the shoulder blade and inserting onto the forearm. This muscle plays a key role in elbow flexion, forearm supination, and shoulder stabilization.
Strains typically result from overstretching or overloading the muscle, often during lifting, pulling, or falling on an outstretched arm. These are graded from mild (Grade 1) to complete tears (Grade 3). Tears may occur proximally at the shoulder, often involving the long head tendon, or distally near the elbow, which can significantly impair supination and lifting strength
Symptoms include sudden pain, bruising, weakness, and sometimes a visible bulge in the upper arm. Your OHL physiotherapist can assess for a suspected biceps muscle injury and can refer for imaging such as MRI or ultrasound to assess the extent of damage. Other conditions to consider that can mimic symptoms of a bicep strain include rotator cuff tears, biceps tendinopathy, and referred neck pain. Early intervention and tailored rehabilitation are key to optimal outcomes.
Treatment depends on severity. Mild strains respond well to a short period of rest followed by activity modification and graduated return to normal activities, which your trusty OHL Physio can outline for you. Partial tears will likely need specific, progressive and more guided rehabilitation from your OHL physiotherapist, and complete ruptures, especially distal, often require surgical reattachment. Recovery varies between weeks for minor strains to several months post-surgery, with a progressive strength and conditioning program essential for restoring strength and function.
If you believe you have sustained an injury to your biceps muscle, it is important to consult your OHL physiotherapist as soon as possible so an accurate diagnosis and comprehensive plan can be made for you. You can do this by calling 9431 5955 or you can book online via the Client Portal on the website.
